This volume contains the abstracts of the keynotes, oral contributions and posters presented by participants at the Forum on Fisheries Science in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea (Fish Forum 2018). Organized by the General Fisheries Commission for the Mediterranean in collaboration with technical partners at FAO headquarters, Rome, Italy, in December 2018, the Fish Forum 2018 brought together scientists, researchers, engineers, academics, practitioners, managers and decision-makers from around the world to discuss and share knowledge on the latest developments in fisheries science. These abstracts were selected by an international scientific committee based on their technical quality and relevance, and are subdivided according to the three main themes of the forum: Better science for better advice; Healthy seas and sustainable fisheries; and Economic analysis and technology for societal benefit.