Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
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Trim: 7 x 10
978-1-5381-5194-5 • Hardback • April 2021 • $120.00 • (£92.00)
978-1-5381-3189-3 • Paperback • February 2021 • $90.00 • (£69.00)
978-1-5381-3190-9 • eBook • February 2021 • $85.50 • (£66.00)
Cliff Roberson is former managing editor in chief of the journal Police Practice & Research, an international journal that is distributed in over 50 countries. In addition, he is an Emeritus Professor at Washburn University and retired Professor of Criminology at California State University, Fresno.
Elena Azaola, PhD, is a professor at the Center for Advanced Studies and Research in social anthropology located in Mexico City. She has published more than 150 journal articles and numerous books on human behavior, crime, and human rights. Presently Azaola is working on a United Nations funded research on developing “Standards for Mexican Prisons.”
PrefaceAcknowledgements Part I: Juveniles Delinquency OverviewChapter 1: Introduction to the Study of Juvenile DelinquencyChapter objectivesOverview of juvenile delinquencyDefining adolescence and lack of a uniform definitionTypes of Juvenile MisconductMeasuring DelinquencyGoals of the Juvenile Justice SystemFactors that influence juvenile behaviorsOverview of delinquency theoriesCrime and AgeFemale DelinquencyOverview of federal action on juvenile JusticePracticumSummary Discussion and Review QuestionsChapter 2: Issues Involving Juvenile DelinquencyChapter objectivesDo We Need A Separate Court System?Juveniles Involved in Sex TraffickingPrimary Purpose of Juvenile Justice Courts? Juvenile Incarceration FundingPrivately-Operated Juvenile InstitutionsSchool to Prison PipelineJuveniles Who Commit Violent CrimesPathways to DesistanceBullyingCyber DelinquencyPracticumSummary Discussion and Review QuestionsPart II: Delinquency Causation TheoriesChapter 3: Classical and Positivists ConceptsChapter objectivesDelinquency BehaviorsEarly Theories of DelinquencyClassical ConceptsFree WillRational choice Mental Capacity DefensesEarly Positivist ConceptsBiological Explanations of Delinquency
Psychological Concepts
Practicum
Summary
Discussion and Review Questions
Chapter 4: Social Structure Concepts
Chapter objectives
Causation Theories
Anomie
Social Structure Processes
Strain
Subcultural Theories
Institutional anomie theory
Symbolic Interaction Theories
Ecological Theories
Practicum
Summary
Discussion and Review Questions
Chapter 5: Social Process and Integrated Theories
Chapter objectives
Social Control Theories
Social Bond Theories
Conflict Theories
Critical Theories
Social Learning Theories
Multi-Factor Theories of Crime
Integrated Theories
Control Balance Theory
Differential Coercion Theory
Practicum
Summary
Discussion and Review Questions
Part III Delinquency Influences
Chapter 6: Families & Peers Delinquency Influences
Chapter objectives
Family Influences
Early Childhood Disruptive Behavior
Functional Family Theory
Peers and Delinquency
Practicum
Summary
Discussion and Review Questions
Chapter 7: Youth Gangs
Chapter objectives
Youth Gang Issues
Defining Youth Gangs
History of Youth Gangs
Gang Indicators
Indicators of Youth Gang Involvement
Dynamics of Youth Gangs
Why Youths Join Gangs
Consequences of Gang Membership
Preventing Gang Membership
Promising Programs for Dealing with Youth Gangs
National Youth Gang Center
Practicum
Summary
Discussion and Review Questions
Chapter 8: Juveniles and Police
Chapter objectives
Police and Juvenile offenders
Police Discretion
School Resource Officers
Police and Rule of Law
Practicum
Summary
Discussion and Review Questions
Part IV Juvenile Justice System
Chapter 9: Juvenile Justice
Chapter objectives
Development of Juvenile Justice
Juvenile Justice Reform
Development of Dependency Jurisdiction
U.S. Supreme Court and the Rights of Juveniles
Practicum
Summary
Discussion and Review Questions
Chapter 10: Juvenile Court Hearings
Chapter objectives
Overview
The Petition
Jurisdictional or Intake Hearing
Adjudicatory hearing
Rights at Juvenile Hearings
Appealing A Juvenile Adjudication
Persons Involved in the Hearings
Reponses and Plea Bargaining
Practicum
Summary
Discussion and Review Questions
Chapter 11: Juvenile Corrections
Chapter objectives
Juvenile Probation
Conditions of Probation
Interstate Compact on Juveniles
Juvenile Probation Officers
Restorative Justice
Revocation of Probation
Practicum
Summary
Discussion and Review Questions
Chapter 12: Juvenile Institutions
Chapter objectives
Overview
Sexual Violence in Juvenile Institutes
Residential Treatment
Juvenile Parole
Types of Institutions
Aftercare
Does Detention make them worst?
Massachusetts Experience
Practicum
Summary
Discussion and Review Questions
Chapter 13: Transfers to Adult Criminal Court
Chapter Objective
Overview
Statistics on Waivers
Waiver of Jurisdiction
Double Jeopardy and the Wavier Decision
Right to Appeal Waiver
Direct Filing in Adult Criminal Court
Practicum
Summary
Discussion and Review Questions
Chapter 14: Enhancing Juvenile Protection
Chapter objectives
Termination of Parental Rights
Protective Orders
Disclosure of Juvenile Information
Expunction of Juvenile Records
Dual System Youths
Juvenile Competency Procedures
Juvenile Drug Courts
Teen Courts
Status Offenses
Practicum
Summary
Discussion and Review Questions
Chapter 15: Comparative Review of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency
Chapter objectives
Overview
United Nations Standards on Juvenile Justice
United Nations World Youth Report
Comparative Study of Youth Crime
Australia
Canada
China
France
Great Britain
India
Japan
Practicum
Summary
Discussion and Review Questions
Author Bios
Adolescents commit a large proportion of crimes in the US and other nations. To investigate this, Roberson and Azaola furnish a comprehensive treatment of juvenile involvement in delinquent behaviors and how society responds to it. They begin by describing the uneven definitions of adolescence, followed by an overview of types of juvenile misconduct, ways researchers measure misconduct, and factors that influence these types of behavior. In chapters on delinquency theories, the authors provide a thorough overview of various explanations for juvenile misconduct, including those that address rational, biological, psychological, social structural, social process, and institutional factors. Although the book’s title suggests that these explanations are its key focus, the authors also discuss the juvenile justice system, including the major goals of and justification for a separate system for young people and how this involves policing, courts, corrections, and specialized institutions, such as training schools and group homes. In many ways, this is a standard textbook on juvenile delinquency, but one advantage is the authors’ inclusion of examples from Mexico, Canada, and elsewhere. The final chapter illustrates this benefit by furnishing a brief comparative review of the juvenile justice systems in several nations. Recommended. All undergraduates.
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