Trust in the Capacities of the People, Distrust in Elites

Kenneth Good

Democratization is a sociopolitical process and the society that may grow out of it
where people make decisions on matters affecting them. It is an unending struggle to win such rights and power, to hold and to extend them. The contending classes are essentially the poor and weak majority of the people and the elite of wealth, status, and power.

This book begins with the study of politics in democratic Athens 508-322 BCE, and how it revolved around the divisions between an uneducated poor majority of citizens and a small, wealthy elite. All citizens were deemed equally capable of holding political office, and life in democratic Athens was itself an education through the wide political experience a citizen necessarily acquired. The second study is of Britain’s centuries long and profoundly incomplete democratization, polarizing usually the urban poor, unequally against the Grandees, the oligarchy, and subsequent elites. A third exemplifier is South Africa, beginning in the 1970s-80s when two big processes were going on simultaneously: an external armed struggle led by the African National Congress (ANC), and a path-breaking domestic democratization represented by the United Democratic Front and the trade unions.

The democratization that emerges here is a matter of aspiration and impulse by determined men and women, which fail more often than they succeed, yet appear again in other times and places. Two main models of democracy are in contention. A representative from revolving around free elections, in which competing elites "get themselves elected" utilizing their wealth and celebrity. The liberal form achieved preeminence in Britain and the United States over some 150 years, but is now under serious threat from its own dysfunctionalities and the alienation of its citizens from its institutions and their elitist, self-serving values. And there is the participatory model, now being approached again since the mid-1970s in many places, from Portugal, Poland and Czechoslovakia, to South Africa, Tunisia, Egypt, and Iceland. Many such impulses will fail, but they offer hope, and on the record, immense satisfaction to their participants.

Lexington Books

Pages: 284 • Trim: 6 x 9

978-1-4985-0243-6 • Hardback • October 2014 • $121.00 • (£93.00)

978-1-4985-0245-0 • Paperback • September 2016 • $54.99 • (£42.00)

978-1-4985-0244-3 • eBook • October 2014 • $52.00 • (£40.00)

Subjects: Political Science / Political Ideologies / Democracy, Political Science / Constitutions, Political Science / Comparative Politics, Political Science / History & Theory, Political Science / Political Process / Campaigns & Elections

Trust in the Capacities of the People, Distrust in Elites

Hardback

Paperback

eBook

Summary

Democratization is a sociopolitical process and the society that may grow out of it
where people make decisions on matters affecting them. It is an unending struggle to win such rights and power, to hold and to extend them. The contending classes are essentially the poor and weak majority of the people and the elite of wealth, status, and power.

This book begins with the study of politics in democratic Athens 508-322 BCE, and how it revolved around the divisions between an uneducated poor majority of citizens and a small, wealthy elite. All citizens were deemed equally capable of holding political office, and life in democratic Athens was itself an education through the wide political experience a citizen necessarily acquired. The second study is of Britain’s centuries long and profoundly incomplete democratization, polarizing usually the urban poor, unequally against the Grandees, the oligarchy, and subsequent elites. A third exemplifier is South Africa, beginning in the 1970s-80s when two big processes were going on simultaneously: an external armed struggle led by the African National Congress (ANC), and a path-breaking domestic democratization represented by the United Democratic Front and the trade unions.

The democratization that emerges here is a matter of aspiration and impulse by determined men and women, which fail more often than they succeed, yet appear again in other times and places. Two main models of democracy are in contention. A representative from revolving around free elections, in which competing elites "get themselves elected" utilizing their wealth and celebrity. The liberal form achieved preeminence in Britain and the United States over some 150 years, but is now under serious threat from its own dysfunctionalities and the alienation of its citizens from its institutions and their elitist, self-serving values. And there is the participatory model, now being approached again since the mid-1970s in many places, from Portugal, Poland and Czechoslovakia, to South Africa, Tunisia, Egypt, and Iceland. Many such impulses will fail, but they offer hope, and on the record, immense satisfaction to their participants.

Details

Lexington Books

Pages: 284 • Trim: 6 x 9

978-1-4985-0243-6 • Hardback • October 2014 • $121.00 • (£93.00)

978-1-4985-0245-0 • Paperback • September 2016 • $54.99 • (£42.00)

978-1-4985-0244-3 • eBook • October 2014 • $52.00 • (£40.00)

Subjects: Political Science / Political Ideologies / Democracy, Political Science / Constitutions, Political Science / Comparative Politics, Political Science / History & Theory, Political Science / Political Process / Campaigns & Elections

Author

Kenneth Good is adjunct professor in global studies at RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia, and visiting professor in political and international studies at Rhodes University in Grahamstown, South Africa.

Table of Contents

Introduction
Chapter 1. Democratization in Athens: Participatory Democracy as a Dual Process of Empowering the People and Controlling Elites
Chapter 2. Democratization in Britain: A Long, Repeated and Incomplete Aspiration
Chapter 3. Democratization in South Africa: The People versus a Militarist, Predominant Ethno-Nationalist Elite.
Chapter 4. Democracy in the Capitalist Heartlands: Alienation and Dysfunctionalities
Chapter 5. Democratization in Europe and North Africa: Democracy Regains Its Revolutionary Potentialities.
Chapter 6. Democratization in South Africa in 21^st Century: The Potentialities of the Organised Urban Poor and the Hostility of a Factionalised and Corrupt ANC
Conclusion

Reviews

Good, author or coauthor of six books on democracy, social inequalities, and southern African politics, offers a study that favorably compares participative democracy to liberal political systems. His key argument is that the liberal capitalist democracy has failed and that participatory forms are rising in many places. The liberal form, epitomized by Great Britain and the US, is now under threat from its dysfunction and the alienation of its citizens from its institutions and elitist values. The participatory model upholds the capacity of uneducated and poor citizens to govern themselves actively and directly. Good provides illustrations for his arguments from ancient Athens through 17th-century England to developments in post-apartheid South Africa, Iceland, and Arab countries since 2011. Despite his optimism, he admits that the process of participatory democratization will be long term and inherently contentious. While questioning practices of liberal democracy, the author does not forget to criticize the political theory of elitism that underpins modern liberal democracies, a theory developed a century ago by Robert Michels, Max Weber, and Gaetano Mosca. Summing Up: Recommended. Undergraduate, graduate, and research collections.
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Trust in the Capacities of the People, Distrust in Elites

Kenneth Good

Trust in the Capacities of the People, Distrust in Elites

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