The Civil Rights Act and the Battle to End Workplace Discrimination

A 50 Year History

Raymond F. Gregory

On the fiftieth anniversary of the landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964, Raymond F. Gregory evaluates our progress towards the full implementation of one of the law’s key provisions: Title VII, which prohibits discrimination in the workplace. Gregory looks at key litigation as the law has come to include discrimination based on more than just race, but on gender, age, ethnicity, and sexual orientation.

From the segregationist policies of the past to lingering workplace oppression in the form of sexual harassment, age discrimination, and religious conflicts, the places we work have always been the scenes of some of our greatest civil rights battles. This study of the landmark cases and rulings, and debates surrounding workplace discrimination of all kinds sheds light on the cultural tensions we grapple with in America. Gregory also looks at the broader history of oppression suffered, recognized, and overcome, in the 50 years since this country passed its Civil Rights Act.

In addition to a detailed history of the legal history of civil rights and America’s workplace discrimination, this book also outlines positive ways forward for our society as we continue to diversify and redefine what it means to be respectful of our fellow citizens’ most inalienable, protected, and sacred rights.

Rowman & Littlefield Publishers

Pages: 300 • Trim: 6¼ x 9⅜

978-1-4422-3722-3 • Hardback • August 2014 • $83.00 • (£64.00)

978-1-4422-3723-0 • eBook • August 2014 • $78.50 • (£60.00)

Subjects: Political Science / Civil Rights, History / United States / 21st Century

The Civil Rights Act and the Battle to End Workplace Discrimination

A 50 Year History

Hardback

eBook

Summary

On the fiftieth anniversary of the landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964, Raymond F. Gregory evaluates our progress towards the full implementation of one of the law’s key provisions: Title VII, which prohibits discrimination in the workplace. Gregory looks at key litigation as the law has come to include discrimination based on more than just race, but on gender, age, ethnicity, and sexual orientation.

From the segregationist policies of the past to lingering workplace oppression in the form of sexual harassment, age discrimination, and religious conflicts, the places we work have always been the scenes of some of our greatest civil rights battles. This study of the landmark cases and rulings, and debates surrounding workplace discrimination of all kinds sheds light on the cultural tensions we grapple with in America. Gregory also looks at the broader history of oppression suffered, recognized, and overcome, in the 50 years since this country passed its Civil Rights Act.

In addition to a detailed history of the legal history of civil rights and America’s workplace discrimination, this book also outlines positive ways forward for our society as we continue to diversify and redefine what it means to be respectful of our fellow citizens’ most inalienable, protected, and sacred rights.

Details

Rowman & Littlefield Publishers

Pages: 300 • Trim: 6¼ x 9⅜

978-1-4422-3722-3 • Hardback • August 2014 • $83.00 • (£64.00)

978-1-4422-3723-0 • eBook • August 2014 • $78.50 • (£60.00)

Subjects: Political Science / Civil Rights, History / United States / 21st Century

Author

Raymond F. Gregory practiced law for over 40 years in New York City, first as a member of a mid-sized law firm and later as the leader of his own firm. He focused his practice on civil rights law, representing workers confronting discrimination in employment, including discrimination based on age, race, sex, religion, and national origin.

Table of Contents

Introduction
Part I. Enactment of the Employment Discrimination Laws
1. Employment Discrimination Prior to 1964
2. Enactment of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967
Part II. Early Employment Discrimination Cases
1. Proving Employment Discrimination
2. Early Race Discrimination Cases
3. Early Sex Discrimination Cases
4. Early National Origin Discrimination Cases
5. Early Religious Discrimination Cases
6. Early Age Discrimination Cases
Part III. Later Trends in the Development of the Employment Discrimination Laws
1. Congressional Amendment of Title VII and the ADEA
2. Current Trends in the Law Prohibiting Race Discrimination
3. Current Trends in the Law Prohibiting Sex Discrimination
4. Current Trends in the Law Prohibiting Discrimination of Pregnant Women
1. Current Trends in the Law Prohibiting Discrimination of Women with Children
2. Sexual Harassment and the Sex Discrimination Prohibitions of Title VII
3. Employer Liability for Employee Acts of Sexual Harassment
4. Current Trends in the Law Prohibiting National Origin Discrimination
5. Current Trends in the Law Prohibiting Religious Discrimination
6. The Ministerial Exception to Title VII Prohibition of Religious Discrimination
7. Accommodating Employee Religious Beliefs and Practices
8. Current Trends in the Law Prohibiting Age Discrimination
Part IV. Proving Employment Discrimination

21. Later Developments in Proving Discrimination in Title VII Cases
22. Later Developments in Proving Discrimination in ADEA Cases

Part V. More Recent Developments
23. The Gender Gap and the Lilly Ledbetter Case

24. Same Sex Sexual Harassment
25. Retaliation
26. Arbitration

Part VI. The EEOC and the Private Attorney
27. Political and Judicial Opposition to the Employment Discrimination Laws
28. The Roles of the EEOC and the Private Attorney

Part VII. The Future of the Employment Discrimination Laws
29. What Lay Ahead for the Employment Discrimination Laws?
Table of Cases
Endnotes