Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
Pages: 422
•
Trim: 6¼ x 9½
978-1-4422-0966-4 • Hardback • November 2016 • $136.00 • (£105.00)
978-1-4422-0967-1 • Paperback • November 2016 • $62.00 • (£48.00)
978-1-4422-0968-8 • eBook • November 2016 • $58.50 • (£45.00)
Christopher Isett is associate professor of history at the University of Minnesota.
Stephen Miller is associate professor of history at the University of Alabama at Birmingham.
Introduction
Chapter 1: Settled Agriculture: The Ancient Origins of Community, State, and Empire
Chapter 2: From Antiquity to the Eve of Agrarian Capitalism: Peasants and Dynastic States
Chapter 3: Agrarian Capitalism in the Early Modern World: Divergence in Eurasia
Chapter 4: Malthusian Limits in the Early Modern World: Peasants and Markets
Chapter 5: The New World: Planters, Slaves, and Sugar
Chapter 6: American Farming: Agrarian Roots of U.S. Capitalism
Chapter 7: New Imperialism: Colonial Agriculture in the Age of Capitalism
Chapter 8: Socialist Agriculture: Collectivization in Three Countries
Chapter 9: Late Development: State-led Agrarian Change after World War II
Chapter 10: Corporate Agriculture: Comparing the United States and Brazil
Conclusion
An ambitious synthesis of twelve thousand years of world agricultural history. Through a social history approach that encompasses the study of political and economic systems, the authors contend that throughout history 'people’s choices of what to grow, the technologies to use, and the labor regime to employ are shaped by their societies.' Such an approach allows for a nuanced discussion of complex agricultural developments that expands this topic beyond an emphasis on market forces. . . . Through a comparative approach that maintains attention to detail and cultural difference, this book succeeds as a comprehensive narrative history of the development of agriculture. . . . Isett and Miller have written a history of world agriculture that successfully addresses key questions for different eras. Readers interested in world agriculture of the past and present will find this work insightful.
— Agricultural History
In an extraordinary feat of interpretation, Christopher Isett and Stephen Miller have produced a theoretically informed history of agriculture, from its origins nine thousand years ago to the present. They have synthesized vast historical literatures on every major phase in the development of farming, from the rise of sedentary production, through the transition to capitalism, to the green revolution and beyond. They have also provided their own, always-illuminating resolutions of the debates over conceptual framework that have defined the field. An invaluable contribution for scholars, students at all levels, and general readers alike, it truly is a tour de force.
— Robert Brenner, University of California–Los Angeles
Isett and Miller…populate their global survey of agricultural heritage with specific illustrations, widely diverse in time and region, to argue against the notion that growth in population and urban development created a need for additional agricultural commodities, which in turn created opportunities for producers to increase output, consume alternate goods, and focus on production of commodities of highest return. More generally, the authors explain agricultural phenomena less in stark economic terms and more in line with the sociopolitical phenomena and climate they believe more fully influenced agricultural development. Although their scope is primarily Western, Isett and Miller do look at examples in Africa, China, Taiwan, and Latin America. Chapters on socialist agriculture, and on corporate agriculture in Brazil and the United States, provide a good insight into two very influential patterns that developed at different points in the 20th century and beyond. Given this work’s scope and complexity, it is recommended primarily for higher-level students, faculty, and professionals involved with agricultural economics and history.
Summing Up: Recommended. Upper-division undergraduates and above; faculty and professionals.
— Choice Reviews
The Social Origins of Agriculture has many strengths which will enrich world history courses. This is an expansive narrative, extending from the late Neolithic to the present, and offering a rare overview of the entire sweep of agricultural history. . . . [T]wo of the book's strengths [are] its commitment to develop expansive comparisons across time [and] its emphasis on farmers themselves. . . . Isett and Miller extend their analysis back to the beginning, making for a provocative and useful study. It has only been a decade since the world's rural population fell under 50%. In our classes, narratives focused on urbanization, individualism and industrialization eclipse those focused on rural landscapes, village life, and agrarian production. Reading Isett and Miller can suggest opportunities to rethink that balance.
— World History Connected
This highly contextualized approach to the history of agriculture is impressively global and longue durée in scope. It is rooted, moreover, in case studies which are worth reading on their own merits irrespective of the argument they serve to underpin. It is in these case studies…that the textbook function of The Social History of Agriculture becomes apparent.
— H-France Review
In this audacious book, Isett and Miller argue that the key to understanding the emergence of the modern world is the epochal transformation of agrarian class structures. They show how their framework can account not only for the ‘Great Divergence’ between East and West, but also the ‘Little Divergence’ between Northwest Europe and the rest of the continent. Written with tremendous clarity and verve by two scholars in complete command of their subject, this is one of the best works of analytical history to have been published in recent years.
— Vivek Chibber, New York University
In an extraordinary feat of interpretation, Christopher Isett and Stephen Miller have produced a theoretically informed history of agriculture, from its origins nine thousand years ago to the present. They have synthesized vast historical literatures on every major phase in the development of farming, from the rise of sedentary production, through the transition to capitalism, to the green revolution and beyond. They have also provided their own, always-illuminating resolutions of the debates over conceptual framework that have defined the field. An invaluable contribution for scholars, students at all levels, and general readers alike, it truly is a tour de force.
— Robert Brenner, University of California–Los Angeles
Explains why humans, after 190,000 years of existing as hunter-gatherers, began to rely on agriculture
Studies the current ecological and economic problems of today’s agribusiness
Offers a humane and healthy vision for feeding the growing world population
Offers a precise definition of capitalism, showing the specific cases in which capitalism emerged in history
Challenges the assumption that agriculture has progressed incrementally, that generations built off of one another’s advances, each seeking wealth through trade
Considers the distinct logics of slave, feudal, peasant, and capitalist agriculture in various periods and places in history
Illustrates the systematic methods developed by New World planters to extract the maximum amount of labor from slaves
Traces the agricultural origins of the US Civil War
Demonstrates the divergent evolutions of feudalism in England and Western Europe
Illustrates the ingenious strategies developed by pre-Columbian communities to farm sufficient food at the different altitudes of the Andes
Illuminates the success of pre-colonial communities of African farmers in escaping land rents, taxes, and other elite impositions
Explains the paradox of exceptionally high crop yields over many centuries in which China did not develop economically
Details the regimes of coerced labor, export crops, and land expropriations in colonial Africa, India, and Taiwan
Compares European and Japanese imperialism
Analyzes the failures of socialist agriculture in the Soviet Union, China, and Cuba
Explores the agricultural revolutions in post-war France and Taiwan