Index
Act of Union, 12
actors, 284, 288–289
Adams, John, 299
Addison, Joseph, 25, 29
Alaska, 161
Albany, 56, 76, 77, 102, 147, 163, 164,
167, 169, 170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175;
fur smuggling of, 32–33, 33, 34, 34–35,
134, 172; Indians dislike, 32, 215;
quartering crisis in, 278–280
Alexander, James, 49, 73, 79, 84, 85, 86,
88, 104, 107–108, 113, 122, 127, 143,
145, 152, 187, 203, 205, 216, 222, 224,
225, 233, 243, 245, 246, 247, 248, 250,
251, 253, 277; Assembly member, 126;
Clarke opposed by, 122, 124; Clinton
backed by, 195, 197, 206; Colden
friend, 27, 31, 39, 53, 57, 59, 60, 72, 85,
88, 121, 123, 162, 181; Cosby foe, 28,
75, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 190;
councilor, 36, 60, 75, 89, 124, 175, 196;
lawyer, 27, 28, 77, 78–79, 85, 97,
197–198, 230, 298; learning and, 97; tar
water advocate, 111
Alsop, John, 57, 82, 82–83, 83, 85, 124
American Revolution. See War of
Independence
Amherst, Jeffrey, 268, 275, 278–279, 279,
281, 283–284, 321, 336, 344, 347, 351,
354, 358, 383, 438
Anglican Church. See Church of England
Appalachians. See Highlands
Apthorpe, Charles Ward, 277
Argyle, earl and dukes of [Campbells],
8–10, 10, 36, 74, 88, 98, 203
Asia, HMS, 411, 416, 417, 418, 421, 422
Assembly of New York, 2–3, 27, 29,
29–30, 36, 38, 39, 82, 85, 123, 126,
127, 135, 154, 163, 164, 166, 172,
173–174, 176–177, 177–178, 178,
178–181, 187, 195, 195–196, 201, 202,
205, 207, 215, 216, 220–221, 221–222,
224, 229, 277–278, 300, 379, 386;
Congress opposed by, 406–409, 411;
currency and quartering disputes in,
358–359, 360; elections of 1768-1769
for, 356–357
Ayscough, John, 202, 203
Bacon’s Rebellion, 2
Banyar, Goldsbrow, 283, 358
Barbados, 18, 87–88
Barton, Benjamin S., 3
Bartram, John, 100–101, 111, 113, 129,
149, 170, 217
Berkeley, George, 109–110, 111, 245, 248,
252
Bernard, Francis, 267, 346, 391, 392
Betts, Joseph, 251
Bevis, John, 254–255, 256
Blackbeard, 25
478 Index
Board of Trade, 34–35, 49, 50, 60, 71, 80,
87, 88, 101, 124, 125, 193, 200, 201,
204, 270–271, 281, 282, 283, 312, 354,
362, 365, 393
Boston, Mass., 79, 80, 97, 113, 152, 267,
322–323, 328, 330, 337, 346, 359, 368,
386, 395–396, 405, 406, 411, 412, 418,
421–422, 425
botany, 98–100, 148–149, 151
Braddock, Sir Edward, 216, 217
Bradford, William, 79, 90
Bradley, James, 254, 255
Bradley, Richard, 2, 3, 82
Bradstreet, John, 279, 279–280, 378
Buffon, Count de, 258
Bull, William, 270
Burgoyne, John, 406
Burke, Edmund, 378, 409
Burnet, Bishop Gilbert, 8, 31
Burnet, Gov. William, 30, 31–32, 32–33,
33–34, 34–35, 35–37, 38, 39, 48, 49,
50, 54, 58, 72, 97, 101, 225, 243, 250,
268, 286, 365, 379
Canajohare Patent, 304
cancer, 109
Carleton, Guy, 346, 413, 438
Catherwood, John, 199, 201
Chambers, John, 193, 300
chancery court, 27, 37–39, 59, 78, 83, 84,
85, 85–88, 89, 381, 383
Chandos, Duke of, 72, 73, 83, 84, 87
Charles, Robert, 188, 271, 312
Chrystie, Andrew, 130
Chrystie, David (father-in-law), 14–15, 17,
137, 144; wife of, 17, 136
Chrystie, James, 11, 17, 137
Church of England, 8, 15, 109, 144, 145,
147, 154, 155, 156, 221, 241, 242–243,
356, 361, 367, 377, 383, 407, 423, 426
Clap, Thomas, 253
Clarke, George, 36, 46, 48–49, 50, 51, 52,
58, 59, 61, 63, 73, 77, 83, 85, 89, 122,
123, 124, 125, 126–127, 129, 130, 132,
133, 161, 162, 202, 232, 277, 306
Clinton, Charles, 47–48, 219, 356
Clinton, Capt. [Admiral] George, 87,
133–134, 147, 161–162, 162; children
of, 180, 181, 196, 197, 204; governor of
New York, 162, 163, 163–164, 165,
166, 167–169, 170, 170–171, 172, 173,
173–178, 179, 180, 181, 187–188,
189–191, 191, 192–193, 193, 194,
194–195, 196–198, 199–200, 201,
202–204, 204, 205, 206, 229, 230, 272,
273, 298, 378; paranoia of, 202–204,
204, 224; shot at, 179–180, 188; wife
of, 181, 193, 199, 202, 206
Clinton, Gov. George (of Ulster), 48, 356,
437, 441
Colden, Rev. Alexander (father), 8, 9,
9–10, 10, 11, 12, 13–14, 15, 18, 74,
137, 242
Colden, Alexander [Sandie] (son), 18, 137,
144, 144–145, 146–147, 152, 153, 177,
197, 204, 206, 213–214, 216–217, 219,
222–223, 225, 226, 227, 229, 233, 243,
265, 266–267, 268, 270, 277, 283, 286,
308, 331, 344, 345, 353, 381, 384, 387,
397–398, 414
Colden, Alice (daughter), 111, 148, 150,
177, 269
Colden Mrs. Alice Chrystie (wife), 11–12,
14–15, 15, 17, 19, 30, 48, 55, 74, 104,
128, 145, 147, 147–148, 152, 177, 178,
207, 222, 224–225, 226, 227, 242, 266,
268–269
Colden, Cadwallader, 1–5; Albany
conference, 170–171, 173–174;
Assembly and, 2–3, 39, 220, 221;
Assembly spoken to by, in 1775,
407–408; astronomy and, 19, 30–31,
250–251, 254–255; beats the drum,
13–14; Beelzebub preferred to, 310;
biochemistry and, 255; birth of, 10,
21n16, 21n17, 119n78; blockhouses
and, 219, 220, 224, 228–229; Burnet
and, 31–32, 32–33, 33–34, 34–35;
business career of, 12, 13, 17–18, 19,
30; chariot of, 276, 329, 345, 384; civil
war feared by, 336–337, 406, 410, 419;
Clarke supported by, 123, 124; Clinton
picks as advisor, 166–169; cold,
thoughts about, 112, 145, 147, 203,
219, 336, 345; colleges, thoughts about,
154–156; committeemen addressed by,
420–421; Cosby, opposed to, 71, 78,
79–89, 90; Council and, 59; death of,
Index 479
425–426, 426–427; deist beliefs of, 11,
241, 242; Dunmore, dispute with,
379–383, 390–391; education of
children by, 143–144, 144–145;
electricity and, 112–113; enemies wish
him dead, 335–336; Enlightenment and,
97, 98–111; and ether, 244, 252, 259;
family origins, 7–10; farming by,
54–56; Forsey v. Cunningham and, 305,
305–306; French, his feelings about, 32,
33, 277; French and Indian War dealt
with by, 277–278, 278–280; Gage
respects him, 368–369; and God,
249–250, 252; governmental theories
of, 2–3, 50, 441; health of, 104–105,
268–269, 345, 355–356, 357, 386–389,
389–390, 405, 422, 425–426; Hunter
and, 19, 25–27, 29–30; immigration of,
12; impeachment of, threatened, 59, 60;
independent judiciary suggested by,
300; Indian land deals reformed by,
125–126; Indians and, 32; Indian trade,
report on, 33–34; Iroquois, his histories
of, 34, 134–136; Jacobite, accused of
being, 179, 179–180, 232, 328, 329;
land reform and, 36; land speculation
of, 52–53, 76–77; on lawyers, 297–299,
312; leak to media, 79–81; lieutenant
governor, became, 272; lieutenant
governorship sought by, 175, 188, 189,
195, 197, 199, 271; and light, 242, 258;
loyalty proclaimed by, 422, 423; manor
lords, critic of, 46–47, 51, 285–286;
map of New York, 33, 225, 284;
marries, 14; medical education and
practice of, 11, 15, 17, 30; mutinous
army feared by, 176–178; Newton,
opposed on inertia by, 166, 253;
Parliament’s taxes opposed by New
York, 363, 396, 408–409; Philipse
attacked by, 39; Queens loyalism
encouraged by, 423–424; Satan,
compared to, 361; Scotland revisited
by, 13–14, 17; seditious libel, accused
of, 351–354; slavery and, 18, 22n28,
128–129, 152–153, 217, 222, 423;
Smith’s history attacked by, 231–233,
234; Smith Jr.’s antagonism to, 231;
soldiers, wants more, 405, 412–413,
417, 418; Stamp Act rioting and, 326,
327, 328, 329, 330, 333; surveyorgeneral,
47–51, 61–63, 126, 197–198,
200, 201; trade policy and taxes
debated by, 35, 37; Tryon characterizes
him, 385; Ulster frontier warfare and,
217–219, 220, 223, 223–224; Vermont
and, 393, 393–394, 394–395, 413
Colden, Cadwallader D. (grandson), 3, 4,
427, 437–438, 438–439, 439, 441
Colden, Cadwallader Jr. [Cad] (son), 11,
137, 144, 146, 146–147, 150, 164, 190,
243, 265, 280, 298, 348, 355–356, 356,
419, 425, 436–437, 439, 441–442
Colden, Catherine (daughter), 148, 222,
269
Colden, David [Davie] (son), 113, 143,
144, 151, 153–154, 213, 222, 229, 255,
283, 326, 343, 345, 355, 356, 358, 381,
385, 387, 390, 396, 397, 398, 414, 415,
416, 418, 423–424, 424–425, 426–427,
436–439, 440, 441; electricity and, 153,
255; health of, 151, 153; slaves of, 436,
439, 443n22; wife of, 425, 439, 440
Colden, Elizabeth [Bettie]. See DeLancey,
Elizabeth [Bettie]
Colden, James (brother), 10, 18, 130, 136,
137, 152
Colden, Jane [Jennie] (daughter), 101, 143,
148–151, 153, 154, 177, 222
Colden, Jane Hughes (mother), 10, 11, 18,
137, 242
Colden, John (son), 104, 147–148, 157n26,
190, 201, 268, 298
Colden, Richard Nicholls (grandson), 397
Colden, Rev. Robert (grandfather), 8, 10
Colden, Sarah (daughter), 104
Coldengham [Coldingham], 7, 53–56, 100,
101, 104, 105, 123, 128, 148, 151, 207,
215, 217, 218, 222, 223, 226, 227, 228,
230, 268, 297, 419, 425, 441
Colhoun, Alexander, 164, 170–171, 194,
203
Collinson, Peter, 97–98, 99, 100, 101, 105,
109, 112, 113, 134, 135, 149, 198, 200,
203, 213, 245, 247, 251, 254, 255, 271,
272, 311, 336, 345, 346–347, 347, 351,
383
480 Index
Connecticut, 61–63, 135, 241, 249, 299,
322, 383, 391, 392, 420; Hartford, 335;
Ridgefield, 62, 63, 72–73, 84
Continental Congress, 396, 397, 406, 407,
409, 413, 422
Conway, Henry, 350, 381
Cornbury, Lord, 46; alleged transvestism
of, 87, 95n70
Cosby, William, 10, 28, 46, 63, 71, 73–77,
77–80, 80, 82–83, 83, 84–85, 86,
86–87, 87–90, 90, 121, 122, 124–125,
133, 161, 162, 163, 310, 352, 377,
380–381, 382; daughter of, 380–381;
sexual charges against, 86–87; son of,
127; wife of, 73, 74, 84–85, 87, 89, 122,
380
Council of New York, 2, 3, 77, 78, 79–80,
80, 84, 88, 89, 90, 122, 128, 163, 164,
166, 167, 174–175, 176, 178, 191–192,
193, 205, 224, 229, 273, 276–277, 277,
298, 334, 387–389, 390, 391, 407
Cromwell, Oliver, 336–337
Crown Point, 90, 163–164, 171–172, 172,
173, 176, 193, 215, 220, 225, 229, 283,
393, 413, 418
Cruger, John Harris, 416, 417
Cunningham, Waddell, 307–308, 309, 312
Currency Act, problems caused by,
358–360, 362, 364, 368
Dartmouth, Lord, 346, 347, 385, 386, 387,
389, 390, 395, 396, 406, 408, 409, 412,
413–414, 414, 415, 416
Davis, Thomas J., 129
Dawson, Henry B., 343–344
DeLancey, Alice [Aly] (granddaughter),
146, 148, 225, 415
DeLancey, Elizabeth [Bettie] (daughter),
27, 74, 130, 131, 132, 133, 144,
145–146, 147, 147–148, 152, 167, 203,
224, 419, 421, 425, 425–426, 427, 436,
438
DeLancey, Chief Justice James, 52, 61, 77,
78–79, 80, 81, 113, 123, 132, 146, 162,
163, 165, 178, 187, 221, 230, 231, 270,
273, 299, 300, 357; acting governor,
206, 207, 214, 214–216, 216, 217, 222,
226–227, 227, 228, 228–229; asthma
of, 172, 265; censorship of press by,
216; death of, 265, 266, 267, 268, 270;
lieutenant governor, 188, 189, 190, 200,
204, 205, 219, 298; opposes Clinton,
165, 166, 167, 172, 173, 174–175,
180–181, 181, 196, 197, 199; temper
of, 146, 191–193
DeLancey, James (son of chief justice),
266, 360, 405, 409, 412, 419
DeLancey, John Peter, 416
DeLancey, Oliver, 187, 193, 195, 196, 227,
265, 301, 390, 396, 398, 419, 438
DeLancey, Peter, 145–146, 146, 196, 203,
224
DeLancey, Stephen, 33, 35, 36–37, 61
Delaware River, 218
Descartes, Rene, 243, 244, 247, 249, 252
Douglass, William, 97, 104–105, 113, 152
drafts, 177, 278
Duane, James, 308, 381, 381–382, 382,
394, 396, 419, 437
Dunmore, Lord, 123–381, 369, 369–370,
377–378, 379, 381–382, 382, 383,
383–384, 390–391, 394, 417; drinking
of, 378
Dutchess Co., 220, 355, 365
Dutch in New York, 30, 42n21, 60, 102,
103, 131, 134–135, 144, 152, 164, 174,
278, 304
dysentery, 355, 356
Earth, 100, 116n29, 250; wobble of, 254
Einstein, Albert, 243, 258
Elliot, Andrew, 277, 398, 406, 438
Erie Canal, 57, 441
Euler, Leonhard, 247, 254
Evans Patent, 230, 230–231, 274, 283, 307
Fanning, Edmund, 398, 414
Ferguson, Adam, 257
Flushing, 45, 229, 235, 268, 275, 322, 332,
336, 340n64, 344, 419, 426, 427
Fontaine, John, 25, 56
Forsey, Thomas, 307–308
Fort George, 25, 122, 130, 268, 324, 326,
326–327, 327, 328, 329–331, 331, 332,
333, 333–334, 334, 335, 346, 347, 369,
381, 384, 386, 405, 416–417
Fothergill, Dr. John, 105, 135, 149, 152,
351, 367
Index 481
Fox, Dixon Ryan, 97
Franklin, Benjamin, 97, 101, 112–113,
113, 129, 147, 153, 154, 155, 178, 200,
214, 216, 241, 245, 246, 248–249, 254,
255, 270, 322, 344, 387, 397
French and Indian War, 216–230, 265, 280
French in Canada, 33–34, 35, 90, 101, 109,
129, 135, 163–164, 167, 169, 171,
171–172, 172, 176, 178, 200–201, 214,
215, 216, 217, 217–218, 225, 229, 250,
268, 277–278, 287
fur trade, 32–35, 163
Gage, Thomas, 280–281, 282, 303, 320,
322, 323, 324, 326–327, 327, 328, 332,
333–334, 344, 345, 349, 362, 368–369,
369, 395, 405, 408, 412, 413, 416, 418,
421; as human shield, 333
Galen, 31
Galloway, Joseph, 396
Garden, Alexander, 101, 149, 150, 253,
256, 277
Gates, Horatio, 273, 276
George I, 57
George II, 57, 129, 266, 278, 299, 398
George III, 3, 14, 266, 307, 312, 329, 347,
354, 362, 366, 379, 393, 398, 409, 411;
statue of, 369, 425
Glorious Revolution, 3, 10, 336
Grafton, Duke of, 354, 380–381, 383
Graves, Samuel, 408, 411, 412, 421, 422
Grenville, George, 287, 336, 344, 347,
350–351, 352
Greyhound, HMS, 196–197
Gronovius, Johann Friedrich, 98, 99, 113,
148, 149, 169, 245
Halifax, Lord, 73, 195, 198, 200, 204–205,
206, 213, 225, 265, 267, 270, 271–272,
280–281, 307, 312, 353
Halley, Dr. Edmund, 15
Hamilton, Alexander, 442
Hardy, Sir Charles, 214, 217, 219–221,
222, 223, 224, 226, 273–274
Harison, Francis, 71–73, 76–77, 79, 80,
81–82, 83, 84–85, 125
Harison, George, 267, 308–309, 309
hemp, 35, 72, 286
Hendrick, 214, 215, 217
Henry, Patrick, 100, 366
Highlands, 56–57, 216, 217, 223
Hill, Elizabeth (aunt), 12, 17, 18, 26–27,
63, 79, 136, 137, 144, 145
Hillsborough, Lord, 354, 357, 359, 360,
362, 363, 366, 369, 379, 380, 383,
383–384
Hindle, Brooke, 26, 143, 243
Hoermann, Alfred R., 4, 11
Holland, 9, 99, 131, 169, 287
Holland, Edward, 193–194
Holt, John, 320, 325, 332, 352, 353, 420
Hood, Zacharias, 324, 340n64, 351
Horsmanden, Daniel, 73, 80, 83, 84, 89,
113, 130, 133, 162, 164, 174–175, 175,
178, 179, 181, 189, 190, 192, 214, 221,
232, 276, 281, 300, 302, 309–310, 310,
323, 346, 349, 352, 355, 356, 383, 384,
386, 387, 425; smears Colden, 179, 180
Hudson River, 45, 53, 56, 57, 102, 127,
169, 215, 220, 223, 368, 392, 405, 417
Hungarian Club, 162, 166, 181, 196, 265,
378
Hunter, Robert, 19, 25–26, 26–27, 29–30,
30–31, 31–32, 32, 34, 35, 38, 45, 47,
48, 71, 97, 101, 243
Hutchinson, Thomas, 128, 330, 386, 392,
407
immigrants, 12, 30, 36, 45, 98
impressment, 174, 278, 279
Indians, 32, 33, 34, 109, 110, 125–126,
134–135, 164, 169, 170–171, 191,
201–202, 213, 216, 217, 218, 221,
222–223, 223–224, 226, 227, 228,
229–230, 231, 280, 280–281, 302, 304,
366, 389, 418. See also Iroquois; River
Indians; Wappinger Indians
Intolerable Acts, 395, 396
Ireland, 8, 9, 45
Iroquois, 34, 77, 100, 109, 125–126, 135,
147, 163, 164, 166, 169, 170, 171, 173,
200–201, 214, 214–215, 215, 217–218,
223, 280, 302, 304, 397, 435
Izard, Ralph, 415, 416, 421, 422–423, 425,
436
482 Index
Jacobites, 13–14, 14, 17, 28–29, 75, 88,
130, 132, 132–133, 179, 189, 336, 346,
377–378
James, Major Thomas, 324, 326, 329, 330,
334, 347–348, 349
James II, 3, 8, 10, 13
Jedburgh, Lord [William Kerr], 10, 13–14,
36, 74, 88, 189, 346
Jefferson, Thomas, 258
Jews, 39, 193
Johnson, Guy, 406–407
Johnson, Sir John, 418
Johnson, Rev. Samuel, 111, 241, 242, 245,
246, 249, 250, 253, 383
Johnson, Sir William, 170, 173, 179, 201,
201–202, 215, 216, 219, 226, 269, 270,
272, 277, 279, 280, 281, 282, 284, 303,
304, 309, 312, 322, 324, 326, 336, 351,
356, 357, 387, 389, 397; on liberty of
the press, 321
Johnson, William Samuel, 383, 390
Jones, Matt B., 393, 394
Jones, Thomas, 48, 243, 273, 275, 301, 358
Julian calendar, 21n16, 119n78
Kalm, Peter, 99, 101, 109
Kastner, Abraham, 247
Kayaderosseras Patent, 302–304
Keith, Sir William, 30, 31
Kelso, Scotland, 10, 11, 13, 14, 14–15
Kempe, John Tabor, 231, 266, 277, 309,
319, 322, 366, 379–380, 381, 382, 394
Kennedy, Archibald, 27, 30, 31, 33, 63, 74,
77, 78, 89, 90, 127, 202, 276, 277, 283,
325
Kennedy, Capt. Archibald, 325, 327, 331,
344, 349, 438
Keys, Alice M., 4, 34
King George’s War, 162, 169, 191
King’s College, 156, 367, 378, 412
Kingston, Ulster Co., 76, 226
Klein, Milton M., 1, 4, 231, 234
Klock, George, 304
Laurens, Henry, 267
lawyers, 1, 297, 300, 301, 302, 303, 305,
308, 309, 310, 311, 311–312, 312–313,
320, 335, 356, 435; drawn to fraudulent
land patents, 302; fees of, 297, 305
Leder, Lawrence H., 4
Lee, Arthur, 414–415, 415–416
Lee, Charles, 408
Lee, William, 405–406
Lepore, Jill, 132, 133
Liebnitz, Gottfried, 248, 249
Linnaeus, Carolus, 98, 98–99, 101, 149
Livingston, Philip, 83, 86, 167, 171,
172–173, 174, 175, 176, 190, 201
Livingston, Robert, 51, 190
Livingston, Judge Robert R., 51, 190–191,
276, 305, 310, 311, 320, 325, 329, 330,
332, 333, 334, 336, 352, 353, 354, 355,
356, 357, 364, 378, 383, 385, 389,
389–390
Livingston, William, 51, 230, 231, 299,
304, 308, 378, 435
Livingston Manor, 51, 356, 364, 391
Logan, James, 19, 25, 26, 30, 31, 45, 71,
97, 121, 245, 246, 248–249
Lokken, Roy, 250, 252, 255
London, 9, 11, 12, 13, 15, 17, 30, 86, 87,
88, 135, 144, 156, 197, 198, 199, 251,
268, 351, 383, 395, 407, 438, 440
Long Island, 45, 151, 152, 267, 286,
340n64, 366, 411, 426
longitude, 250
Lords of Trade. See Board of Trade
Lothian, Marquess of. See Jedburgh, Lord
Loudoun, Lord, 225, 225–226, 227, 228,
229, 235
loyalism, 423, 436, 436–437, 437, 438,
439; compensation for loyalists, 438,
440
Ludlow, George D., 358, 424, 436, 438,
439, 439–440
Macclesfield, Earl of, 251, 252, 253,
254–255
manor lords, 45, 46–47, 49, 50, 51, 60, 75,
173, 225, 234–235, 285–286, 288, 391,
435
Mansfield, Lord, 353
Maryland, 17, 216, 324
Massachusetts, 58, 128, 132, 169, 171,
176, 191, 302, 322, 327, 346, 359, 386,
395, 408, 413, 422; boundary with New
York, 391–392
Index 483
Matthews, Vincent, 81, 82, 82–83, 127,
133
McDougall, Alexander, 359–360,
360–361, 381, 386
McEvers, James, 322–323, 323
Minisink, 222–223, 229, 230
Minorca, 73, 86
Mitchell, Dr. John, 9, 101, 106, 109, 113,
135, 203
mobs, 3, 145, 205, 319, 323, 324, 325, 326,
327–334, 334, 344, 345, 348, 351, 361,
363, 381, 384, 395, 406, 417
Mohawk River, 56–57, 89, 125
Monckton, Gov. Robert, 272–276, 277,
279, 282, 283, 298, 299, 302, 305, 306,
308, 309, 320, 324, 335, 336, 355, 358;
wound of, 272, 276
Montagu, Capt. James, 410, 429n28
Montgomerie, Gov. John, 46, 50, 57,
58–59, 60–61, 63, 71, 72, 74, 77, 79,
85, 97, 232, 274, 379, 384
Monthly Review , 252, 256
Montresor, Capt. John, 305, 324, 327, 332,
337, 351, 405
Moore, Sir Henry, 57, 324–325, 326, 335,
343, 343–344, 346, 347, 348–349, 350,
352, 353, 354, 354–355, 356, 358,
358–359, 362, 366, 392, 394
Morris, Chief Justice Lewis, 27, 31, 60, 61,
73, 77, 78, 79–80, 85, 86, 87, 88,
126–127, 133
Morris, Lewis Jr., 36, 59, 60–61, 85, 104,
124, 126–127, 133, 196, 199, 274, 357
Morris, Robert Hunter, 87, 199–200, 204,
216, 217, 301
Morris, Roger, 390, 438
Murray, Joseph, 127, 165, 174, 193
Nash, Gary, 231
Newburgh, 57, 103, 146, 147, 154, 155,
156, 177, 221, 243
Newcastle, Duke of, 38, 73, 79–80, 80, 87,
88, 128, 133, 161, 188, 188–189, 189,
198, 204
New Hampshire, 128, 392–394, 413
New Hampshire Grants. See Vermont
New Jersey, 130, 152, 165, 199, 215, 216,
217, 220, 222, 229, 281, 286, 300, 319,
405, 435, 437
Newton, Sir Isaac, 11, 18, 31, 166,
243–244, 244–245, 245, 246, 248, 252,
256, 257, 258, 259
New York, colony of, 1, 19, 26, 32, 57, 97,
99, 100, 101, 102, 123, 128, 129, 143,
215, 217, 362; appeals to the king,
305–306, 312, 320; climate of,
101–103, 116n29, 165, 327, 344, 386;
independence of, feared, 60, 127,
166–167, 176, 336, 426; reform of,
75–76; salary of governor of, 27, 50,
127, 205, 379; Stamp Act rioting in,
328–334, 343–344, 344
New York Chamber of Commerce,
367–368, 387
New York City, 19, 25, 33, 47, 56, 76, 85,
103, 108, 127, 129, 130, 144–145, 145,
149, 151, 152, 177, 180, 206, 215, 222,
325, 405, 421
New York State, 435, 436–437, 437
non-importation, 358, 362–363, 363–364,
368–369, 385–386, 396, 409–410, 411
North, Lord, 397, 414, 415
North Carolina, 363, 384, 386
Oblong, 61, 62–63, 72, 72–73, 82, 83, 84,
84–85, 85–86, 89, 125, 127, 392
O’Callaghan, Edmund B., 4, 272
Oglethorpe, James, 129, 135
Ohio River, 214, 215–216, 217
Orange Co., 48, 213, 215, 216, 216–217,
218, 220, 223, 224, 225, 228, 229
Osborn, Sir Danvers, 205–206, 217, 306,
312, 369
Oswego, 33–34, 163, 202, 280
Oxnam, Scotland, 10, 13, 18
Palatines, 29
Parker, James, 179, 221, 245–246,
321–322, 327, 344, 355, 356, 361, 397
Parliament, 10, 40, 87, 163, 205, 286, 288,
309, 311, 313, 320–321, 323, 326, 328,
336, 345, 350–351, 358, 362, 363, 378,
396, 406, 408, 409, 414, 420, 437
Pelham, Henry, 189
Pennsylvania, 12, 19, 26, 30, 57, 81, 98,
100, 215, 216, 221, 225, 247, 248, 270,
280, 366, 391, 396, 405; moves Indians
into New York, 281–282
484 Index
Perry, Micajah, 72, 86, 127
Philadelphia, 12–13, 18, 19, 25, 26, 30, 31,
79, 86, 97, 112, 113, 128, 152, 215, 396
Philipse, Adolph Esq. [Ape], 35–36, 36,
38–39, 58–60, 61, 62, 72, 82, 83,
84–85, 85, 127, 162, 164
Pike, Samuel, 253
Pitt, William, 272, 369
Pontiac’s Rebellion, 280–281
Popple, Alured, 74, 86, 88
Pownall, John, 270–271, 271
Pownall, Thomas, 103, 206, 217, 271, 272,
301
Pratt, Benjamin, 301–302
Presbyterian Church, 7–8, 8, 11, 14, 156,
242, 407
Purple, Edwin R., 1
Quakers, 12, 19, 25, 97, 100, 137, 145,
216, 221, 311–312, 420
quartering, 278–279, 358, 359, 360, 361,
362
Quebec, 366, 368
Queens Co., 124, 229, 336, 419, 421, 422,
423, 426; loyalism in, 423, 424, 436
quitrents, 46, 49, 51, 75–76, 82, 204–205,
235, 393
Rhode Island, 128, 132, 146, 322
rhubarb, 18, 30, 98, 153
River Indians, 171, 219, 220, 222, 223
Rivington, James, 391, 408
Robertson, Gen. James, 412, 413, 418, 438
Robertson, William, 257, 351
Robinson, Beverly, 365–366
Roddam, Robert, 196
Royal Irish, 405, 416, 417
Royal Navy, 30, 161, 222
royal prerogative, 1, 4, 36, 37, 39, 58, 79,
86, 163, 196, 204, 270, 308–309, 398
Royal Society, 15, 17, 19, 98, 152, 245,
254
rum, 32, 162, 361
Rush, Benjamin, 337
Rutherfurd, John, 163–164, 167, 171, 172,
173, 174, 176, 181, 199, 245, 248, 251
Schuyler, Harmanus, 279, 358
Schuyler, Peter, 35–36, 47
Schwarz, Philip J., 393
Scotland, 2, 7–11, 12, 13–14, 18, 23n44,
136–137, 137, 152, 163, 242, 257, 328,
336, 409
Scott, John Morin, 299, 308, 348, 356
scurvy, 99, 110
Sears, Isaac [King], 344, 359, 379, 385,
412, 419, 425
Seabury, Samuel, 357
Shea, John Gilmary, 1
Shirley, William, 171–172, 191, 198–199,
201, 270
Shuckburgh, Richard, 194, 203
Skene, Philip, 284, 304
Slaughter Massacre, 223, 224
slave revolt (1741), 128–133, 140n57;
compared to Salem witchcraft,
131–132, 133
smallpox, 111, 151–153, 169, 281, 293n67
Smith, William Jr., 35, 45, 53, 130, 166,
195, 230, 242, 273–275, 276, 284, 299,
302, 308, 320, 346, 348, 348–352, 352,
353, 354, 355, 356, 358, 361, 364–367,
378, 385, 387, 389, 389–390, 394, 395,
396, 398, 407, 425, 435; appeals and,
305–306, 308, 309, 312; Colden rejects
his version of history, 231–234, 297,
352; Dunmore’s court case and, 381,
381–382, 383; endangers Coldengham,
230–231; resents Colden’s lack of
wealth, 231
Smith, William Sr., 81, 83, 84, 121, 124,
127, 195, 199, 223, 226, 232, 281, 301,
323, 346, 349, 355, 358
Sons of Liberty, 325, 336, 340n64, 344,
359, 360, 361, 362, 363–364, 367–368,
377, 385, 395, 396, 397, 405, 406, 410,
412
South Carolina, 101, 149, 253, 267, 270,
359, 408, 411, 415; Charleston, 12, 322,
411
Spanish Empire, 129, 131, 217, 286
Stirling, Lord [William Alexander], 277,
281
Spring Hill, 268, 275, 322–323, 326,
335–336, 345, 355–356, 366, 377, 384,
415, 419, 426, 427, 437, 439, 440
stamp tax, 319; of New York, 215, 234,
265, 320; of Parliament, 313, 319, 320,
Index 485
321, 322, 325, 326, 328, 329, 331, 334,
335, 336, 344, 363, 367, 386
Staten Island, 47, 281, 282, 424
St. Lawrence River, 33
Sugar Act, 287–288, 325, 348, 363
Swift, Jonathan, 25, 26, 29, 248
syphilis, 109, 117n55
tar water, 109–110, 110–112, 118n58, 245
Tea Act, 386
tea parties, 386, 395; in Boston, 386, 395;
in New York, 395
throat distemper, 104–105, 105
Thurman, John, 411, 412
Tiedemann, Joseph, 432n92
Townshend Acts, 363
Trinity Church, 155, 156, 243
Triumvirate, 299, 304, 308, 367, 378, 435
Tryon, Gov. William, 363, 377, 384,
384–385, 386, 386–387, 389, 390, 391,
392, 394, 395, 397, 398, 406, 409, 414,
415, 422, 423–424, 424, 425, 426, 427,
436, 438; land grants and, 385
tuberculosis, 89, 269, 290n17
Tyler, Moses Coit, 1, 3, 5, 34
typhoid, 170
typhus, 117n53
Ulster Co., 48, 53, 54, 71, 76, 81, 86, 100,
101, 128, 131, 147, 177, 181, 190, 196,
205, 213, 215, 216, 217, 218, 219, 220,
221, 222, 223–224, 225, 226, 228, 229,
243, 280, 298, 356, 385, 425
University of Edinburgh, 8, 11, 18, 98,
104, 155, 242, 243, 256, 257, 258, 259,
351
Van Dam, Rip, 63, 77–78, 79, 80, 89, 90,
122, 123, 124, 310, 379, 380
Vandeput, Capt. George, 421
Van Rensselaer family, 285, 364–365
Vaughan, Lt. Col. John, 347
Veitch, William, 9, 10
Vermont, 392, 393, 394–395, 413
Verplanck, Gulian C., 3
Virginia, 2, 161, 170, 214, 216, 270, 358,
366, 383–384, 396, 406, 414
Waddell, Robert Ross, 308, 309
Wallace, Hugh, 397
Wappinger Indians, 48, 65n13, 365
War of Independence, 1–2, 34, 57, 103,
304
Warren, Peter, 89, 162, 165–166, 171–172,
188, 194, 195, 201, 204
Washington, George, 216, 425, 441, 442
waterspouts, 13, 101
Watkins, Hezekiah, 221
Watts, John, 274, 276, 280, 281, 283, 300,
301, 310, 311, 313, 319, 320, 323, 335,
355, 356, 366, 391, 393, 405, 412, 419,
435, 438
Wentworth, Benning, 392, 393, 394
Westchester Co., 131, 152, 167, 180, 196,
224, 421, 426, 435–436
West Florida, 358
White, Henry, 405, 412
Whitefield, George, 343
Whytt, Robert, 256–257
William III and Mary, 10, 77, 87, 336;
proclamation of William III, 77, 379
Wines, Roger, 231–232
Wraxall, Peter, 189, 203
yellow fever, 105–109, 113, 117n53, 169
Young, Dr. Thomas, 5, 12, 258
Zenger, John Peter, 79, 80–81, 87, 90, 104,
124, 352